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Calorie restriction
Calorie restriction (CR), or caloric restriction, or energy restriction, is a dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake without incurring malnutrition or a reduction in essential nutrients. "Low" can be defined relative to the subject's previous intake before intentionally restricting calories, or relative to an average person of similar body type. Calorie restriction without malnutrition has been shown to work in a variety of species, among them yeast, fish, rodents and dogs to decelerate the biological aging process, resulting in longer maintenance of youthful health and an increase in both median and maximum lifespan.〔 The life-extending effect of calorie restriction however is not shown to be universal.〔http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/can-we-prevent-aging "Can We Prevent Aging?" by the National Institute on Aging, a division of the NIH〕
In humans the long-term health effects of moderate CR with sufficient nutrients are unknown.〔
Two main lifespan studies have been performed involving nonhuman primates (rhesus monkeys). One, begun in 1987 by the National Institute on Aging, published interim results in August 2012 indicating that CR confers health benefits in these animals, but did not demonstrate increased median lifespan; maximum lifespan data are not yet available, as the study is still ongoing. A second study by the University of Wisconsin beginning in 1989 issued preliminary lifespan results in 2009,〔 and final results in 2014. It found that CR primates were only 36.4% as likely to die from age-related causes when compared with control animals, and had only 56.2% the rate of death from any cause.
==Health effects==
In humans the long-term health effects of moderate CR with sufficient nutrient are unknown.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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